Hatshepsuts Expedition to Punt free essay sample

Hatshepsut Describe the expedition to Punt in the reign of Hatshepsut. (10 marks) The expedition into punt during the reign of Hatshepsut took place prior to or during the ninth year of her reign and involved a lengthy voyage along the Nile somewhere in the vicinity of present-day Somalia. We know of this because of the many pictorial primary sources carved into the walls at her temple at Deir el Bahari which indicates Punts inner African location. The expedition was most likely aimed to open up trade between the two nations and establish a bond that would benefit both Egypt and inner Africa.The panels of pictorials show the journey to Punt and convey the land rich with nature and abundant in animal life. The next panel shows five Egyptian ships arriving in Punt, two of which various gifts and presents are being unloaded and will be presented as tribute to the various Chiefs of Punt. Nehasi escorted by an officer and eight Egyptian soldiers presents these offerings to the Chief and his wife on Hatshepsut’s behalf. This offering must have been well received because the next panel shows both Puntites and Egyptians loading the ships with incense and ebony.When the boats are loaded at Punt bags of incense, gold ebony, elephant tusks, panther skins, monkeys and frankincense are already present on the boat also many other exotic gifts were loaded and were to be presented to Hatshepsut. The arrival back at Thebes was both joyous and peaceful, and in the presence of the Queen a long line of Puntites carrying ebony and boomerangs, and drive cattle, while the Egyptians carried frankincense and other goods to presented to the Queen.According to Naville, â€Å" the bowing down before (Hatshepsut) by the chiefs of Punt bringing their goods in the place where is her majesty. † This source supports other evidence which shows that this is how the event took place. Hatshepsut then takes some of the best produce and goods, received from the Puntites and dedicates them to the god Amon while frankincense trees were planted in the garden of Amon. Much of the rest of produce was measured and gathered together. This is shown in a pictorial where the god Thoth and four workers are recording the many exotic goods from the land of Punt. This expedition into Punt was both successful and achieved great benefits for both nations. We know how this expedition took place because of sources like Bentley, Redford and Naville as well as the many pictorials that paint a detailed picture of the great expedition. Assess the importance of the Punt expedition to the reign of Hatshepsut. (15Marks)The punt expedition was highly important because it was the first time in 500 years that a voyage to Punt had been undertaken and this major expedition would have required detailed planning and direction which shows the obedience and confidence of Hatshepsut’s officials and conveys their support in her planning and organisational skills and how they were willing to embark on such a momentous voyage. She appears to have regarded the Punt trading expedition as an extremely important part of her reign and wanted to be remembered for it because it contributed to Egypt’s prosperity and showed her devotion to her father Amun. It would seem that Hatshepsut regarded these as the most important events of her reign†, Bentley. The expedition provided many benefits to the people of Egypt and the Puntites because of the trading of various goods between the two. Hatshepsut who was blessed with all these gifts of tribute was able to pay tribute to the Amun priesthood and many of her high officials for their continued support and contribution to her glorious reign. The land of Punt was seen as â€Å"God’s Land† so the expedition into the area brought about a certain amount of religious respect to Hatshepsut for organising the journey to the land of the Gods.It also showed how powerful and commanding Hatshepsut has become and how intelligent she was because she was able to use the military in a diplomatic role. She presented the expedition in such a way as to reinforce how important it was by having Egyptian artists construct a magnificent and detailed set of pictorials which tell the story of the journey and why it was so important. This pictorial was situated in the reliefs of Middle Colonnade n ext to the Divine Birth scene at her temple at Deir el Bahari and involved the Egyptian Gods Hathor, Thoth and Amon.This positioning and inclusion of these Gods only further outlines its importance to Hatshepsut and shows how she wish to show her accomplishments with all. The various exotic goods which Egypt, because of its landscape and lack of natural resources, was unable to produce were present in the land of Punt. So through this trade agreement Egypt was able to gain various exotic products like myrrh, frankincense, fragrant ointments, many valuable woods, much sweet-smelling resin, quantities of ebony and ivory, also fish and other fauna and flora were collected during the expedition.All these good were collected and were used for various building programs and various religious purposes and cosmetics. The subsequent lack of wood produced by Egypt was unfortunate because of the amount of timber needed for the construction of many of their buildings and the importance of boats travelling up and down the Nile River only drove this need for wood even more. The land of Punt provided a solution because of its abundance in this specific resource which is another reason why this expedition was so crucial to the people of Egypt.The many resources this expedition provided was able to boost Egypt’s already booming economy into a place of subsequent prosperity. This may provide some insight into why Hatshepsut commanded such a voyage and shows her ability to understand her great economy. â€Å"Hatshepsut was not blind to the need of bolstering Egypt’s economy,† Redford. The Punt expedition provided the opportunity to improve Egypt’s relations with neighbouring factions as well as boosting its only economy.

Advertising and Integrated Communication

Question: Discuss about the Advertising and Integrated Communication. Answer: Introduction The purpose of this report is to critically discuss and analyse the use of virtual and augmented reality and its application and uses in educational tourism. The report takes a systematic approach to discuss background to virtual reality, augmented reality, and educational tourism. Further, the report discusses the use of virtual reality and augmented reality in educational tourism followed by critical discussion. Lastly, the report discusses areas for future research in the field followed by a conclusion. Virtual reality Virtual reality can be defined as computer-stimulated reality that uses technology to replicate some real world or imaginary environment, and allows users to interact with the environment (Huang et al., 2016). It involves exact replication of elements of real world elements with synthesized 3D materials and proper collaboration of all the sensory inputs to initiate user engagement. First hint of virtual reality had come from the world of science fiction. In the year 1935, Stanley G. Weinbaum wrote a short story named "Pygmalion's Spectacles". This was the first book, where the concept of virtual reality was first explored. It explored a goggle-based virtual reality system along with holographic record of fictional experience. It included touch and smell. The use of virtual reality concept can be seen in training perspective. It allows the professionals to conduct training in regards to a virtual environment. Virtual reality can also be used in video game for creating graphics and sou nds. Augmented reality Augmented reality is the use of computer generated sensory inputs that is used to augment or supplement the real world elements of the environment for better user experience (Fino et al., 2013). It uses visualization techniques that superimpose computer-generated data such as text, graphics, video, audio, GPS data and other multi-media formats over the real worldview. Therefore, it enhances the users perception of the reality and the surrounding environment (Han et al., 2013). In the year, 1968, Ivan Southerland had developed first the system of head mounted display. In this system, augmented display was used by the mean of generated graphic for demonstrating simple wireframe drawing. Augmented reality is effectively used in architecture for visualizing building project. It can also be used in visual art and education and video games. Educational tourism Educational tourism is carefully planned in combination with site visit and hands-on learning opportunities, which provide clear learning objectives for students.A proper guide in educational tourism can assist students in gaining leisure activities as well as different learning objectives. Uses of virtual and augmented reality in educational tourism Virtual reality is gaining huge popularity in the tourism sector, especially in the field of educational tourism. Virtual reality is being used for destination promotion and for educational purposes. It allows users to experience various conditions that no longer exist now such as pre-historic earth; moreover, it can also be used to experience space travel or walking through the museum, fort or any other simulated reality from the home. It has also made it possible to experience and learn through culture, environment and local community of various destinations across the world in a time efficient and economical manner (Tussyadiah et al., 2016). Augmented reality is used in educational tourism to enhance the experience of the users by providing sensory inputs of the real world. In educational tourism, it can be used to enhance users experience by providing real time information about the location and its features. This technology is being extensively used in educational tourism by providing tourists simulations of historical events, places and objects. Further, with the use of audio and video sensory inputs, users can live and experience the history that once existed. It also helps stimulate experiences such as viewing extinct animals, fragmented artefacts, and cultural experiences from history (Guerra et al., 2015). Critical discussion Knowledge and experience gain Tourism has always been regarded as means of gaining knowledge and new experiences. The learning gained through the virtual and augmented reality improves learning retention. Virtual reality enables the users to explore and experience various locations such as beaches, museums, or places of historic importance with a persuasive and interactive purview that can be viewed on a computer at home (Buhalis Yovcheva, 2013). Educational Revolution Both virtual and augmented reality provides compelling educational environment. These technologies have revolutionized the educational tourism as it provides a means to stimulate both mental and physical activities with the help of stimulated interactions with the unfamiliar contents. It is used to impart knowledge about the various subjects such as history, aerospace and the likes by providing firsthand experience to the users (Yovcheva et al., 2012). Increasing educational potential One such application of augmented reality is the use of interactive digital storytelling techniques that has been applied in various museums in order to enhance their educational potential. Further, it has been observed that both virtual reality and augmented reality techniques aids tourist organization and professionals to reach a wider audience and deliver more informed knowledge through better multi-media contents. Therefore, it helps the tourists to access valuable information, thereby increasing their knowledge regarding a tourist attraction or destination in an entertaining manner (Kounavis et al., 2012). Areas of future research Future development Although, it has been established that virtual and augmented reality techniques plays an important role in educational tourism, however, it is still in the development stages and requires better infrastructures such as inter platform operability of virtual reality and augmented reality applications and better internet facilities. Use of more advanced technology Moreover, future researches also need to explore the influence of advance technologies on the overall experience and learning outcomes of users. The researchers are to find more scope to apply these concepts on users overall experience and learning outcomes (Chung et al., 2015). Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be concluded that virtual reality and augmented reality technologies provides one of the most powerful and effective means for participative learning. In the educational tourism sector, these technologies can be employed to recreate history or project future world in a digital format. This can be used in the educational tourism to provide simulated and interactive learning experiences. References Buhalis, D., Yovcheva, Z. (2013). Augmented Reality in Tourism: 10 Unique Applications Explained.Digital Tourism Think Tank Reports and Best Practice. Retrieved May,13, 2013. Chung, N., Han, H., Joun, Y. (2015). Tourists intention to visit a destination: The role of augmented reality (AR) application for a heritage site.Computers in Human Behavior,50, 588-599. Fino, E. R., Martn-Gutirrez, J., Fernndez, M. D. M., Davara, E. A. (2013). Interactive tourist guide: connecting web 2.0, augmented reality and QR codes.Procedia Computer Science,25, 338-344. Guerra, J. P., Pinto, M. M., Beato, C. (2015). Virtual reality-shows a new vision for tourism and heritage.European Scientific Journal. Han, D. I., Jung, T., Gibson, A. (2013). Dublin AR: implementing augmented reality in tourism. InInformation and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2014(pp. 511-523). Springer International Publishing. Huang, Y. C., Backman, K. F., Backman, S. J., Chang, L. L. (2016). Exploring the Implications of Virtual Reality Technology in Tourism Marketing: An Integrated Research Framework.International Journal of Tourism Research,18(2), 116-128. Kounavis, C. D., Kasimati, A. E., Zamani, E. D. (2012). Enhancing the tourism experience through mobile augmented reality: Challenges and prospects.International Journal of Engineering Business Management,4. Sie, L., Patterson, I. (2015). Understanding the relationship between motivations and experiences of older Australian travellers through educational tourism.CAUTHE 2015: Rising Tides and Sea Changes: Adaptation and Innovation in Tourism and Hospitality, 708. Tussyadiah, I., Wang, D., Jia, C. H. (2016). Exploring the Persuasive Power of Virtual Reality Imagery for Destination Marketing. Yovcheva, Z., Buhalis, D., Gatzidis, C. (2012). Smartphone augmented reality applications for tourism.e-Review of Tourism Research (eRTR),10(2), 63-66.

Sample Transfer Essay Tips

Sample Transfer Essay TipsAs you are mulling over writing a sample transfer essay, you may be wondering how much to write. The majority of transfer students write and submit an essay because they feel it is important. There is some truth to this notion. You need to ensure that your essay is unique and reflects your personal character.Your subject of choice should be one of importance to you. Whether it is your favorite movie or TV show, or the college where you graduated from, these things are all very personal. You can include such personal information in your sample transfer essay, however, you should refrain from making the whole piece too personal.The title of your essay, the main idea of your essay, and the introductory paragraph all need to have a personal touch to them. The most common mistake that many undergraduate students make when writing sample essays is to take the subject personally. This is a really easy way to get lost in the minute details of the subject.Another mis take many undergraduates make is they tend to try to write about all of the different subjects they study. This is where most students start falling off in their essay writing, as they lose focus on what is most important to them. Your main topic for your essay must reflect the way you feel about the subject matter.Make sure that you keep the structure of your sample essay in mind. If you want to limit yourself to only certain topics, then you should try to do so. These two things will help you establish a sound basis for your transfer essay.When writing a sample essay, you should also consider other important factors. Once you have written your first draft, take a deep breath and turn it in to a proof reader. This will give you more time to edit the essay and you will also learn how to improve it.It is also worth reading over sample essays of other students. After you have read your essay, give your own transfer students a copy. They can ask you questions, as they always benefit fr om feedback from someone who has read their work first hand.

Pablo Escobar Essay Example

Pablo Escobar Paper Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria, born December 1, 1949 in Medellin, Colombia, dead December 2, 1993 in Sammi city, in the Colombian gangster and drug? lord, leader of Medellin Cartel. Pablo Escobar began his criminal career in his hometown of Medellin as car thief. He stole cars, stripped them down, and then he sold the parts. He then moved on to cocaine sales and began the construction of his drug empire. Cocaine traffic from Colombia, mainly to the United States made Escobar one of the world’s richest people (in 1989, the Forbes listed him as the world’s seventh richest man). According to estimates, Medellin Cartel earned 25 billion USD during its heyday. For his huge incomes Escobar bought an exclusive hacienda, a private zoo, airplanes, helicopters, cars, and much more. Escobar was a ruthless man and his motto was Plata o Plomo?, i.e., money (silver) or lead?, which meant that it either be a bribe or death. We will write a custom essay sample on Pablo Escobar specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Pablo Escobar specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Pablo Escobar specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Students writing research paper on Pablo Escobar must mention in their works that with his wealth, Escobar won popularity of a Robin Hood among Medellin’s poor residents through charitable donations, and there was a period in the early 1980s, when Escobar was politically active and was elected as a deputy to the Parliament. According to sources, he had the ambition to eventually become the President of the country. Justice Minister Rodrigo Lara Bonilla pointed out, however, Escobar as criminal, which led Escobar to have him murdered in 1984, whereupon he went into exile in Panama and Nicaragua. In 1989, he ordered the assassination of presidential candidate Luis Carlos Galan. Medellin Cartel engaged in outright terrorist activities not only against the judiciary but also the civilian population, including blew up an airplane in an attempt to kill a presidential candidate Cesar Gaviria, an attack that killed 110 people (not including Gaviria, who was not on board) and bombed n ewspaper offices. Escobar surrendered eventually to the authorities after being ascertained, through a constitutional amendment, that he could not be extradited from Colombia to the United States. Escobar was placed in La Catedral, a luxurious â€Å"prison,† which Escobar himself was designing and choosing. From there he was able to continue to control his crime empire, and after he was threatened to be moved to a regular prison, he had to escape. In order to assist the Colombian police and military troops to find Pablo Special Forces Delta Force from the U.S. were sent to Colombia during the summer of 1992. The hunt for Pablo Escobar could begin. With the help of surveillance and interception, attempts were made to locate his hideout in Medellin. Operational responsibility was led by Colonel Hugo Martinez. Finally managed to trace a call from Escobar’s cell phone, and could thereby locate him. Upon arrest Escobar and his bodyguard tried to escape but both were shot dead. While many celebrated Escobar’s death, he still had many admirers; thousands of mourners visited his burial. Escobar’s widow and two children fled from Colombia and had difficulties getting asylum abroad. His son Juan Pablo has changed his name to Sebastian Marroquin and is an architect in Buenos Aires, Argentina. His reconciliation meeting with the murder victims Lara Bonilla and Galan’s sons is depicted in documentary Sins of My Father (2009). Free sample research paper on Pablo Escobar is a good beginning for authors with little or no experience.

5 Useful Resources to Enlarge Your Baggage of English Creative Writing Techniques

5 Useful Resources to Enlarge Your Baggage of English Creative Writing Techniques 5 Useful Resources to Enlarge Your Baggage of English Creative Writing Techniques Creative wrÃ'â€"tÃ'â€"ng is Ð ¾nÐ µ of thÐ µ mÐ ¾Ã'•t absorbing and enjoyable skills thÐ °t Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u   hÐ °vÐ µ. And Ã'â€"f you are a pro Ð °t it, thÐ µn Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u Ã' Ã °n move Ð ¾n tÐ ¾ writing very good essays and dissertations that people will find interesting to read. HÐ ¾wÐ µvÐ µr, if Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u Ð °rÐ µ blundÐ µrÃ'â€"ng fÐ ¾rwÐ °rd blindly, without any guidance or fÐ µÃ µdbÐ °Ã' k Ð ¾n hÐ ¾w to Ã'â€"mÃ'€rÐ ¾vÐ µ your Ã' rÐ °ft, thÐ µn Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u mÐ °Ã'Æ' Ð ¾ftÐ µn fÃ'â€"nd Ã'Æ'Ð ¾urÃ'•Ð µlf getting frustrated, Ð ¾r fÃ'â€"nd thÐ °t Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur disappointment Ã'â€"n whÐ °t Ã'Æ'Ð ¾urÐ µ trÃ'Æ'Ã'â€"ng tÐ ¾ achieve Ã' Ã °n detract frÐ ¾m thÐ µ grÐ µÃ °t wrÃ'â€"tÃ'â€"ng that youre Ã'€rÐ ¾duÃ' Ã'â€"ng. 1. Above All, WrÃ'â€"tÐ µ! TrÃ'Æ' Ð °nd mÐ °kÐ µ regular uÃ'•Ð µ of your Ã'•kÃ'â€"llÃ'•. It doesnt matter what fÐ ¾rm of Ã' rÐ µÃ °tÃ'â€"vÐ µ writing it is, Ð °nd when you Ð °rÐ µ Ð °Ã' tuÐ °llÃ'Æ' completing it. You may write just a fÐ µw lÃ'â€"nÐ µÃ'• jÐ ¾ttÐ µd dÐ ¾wn Ã'â€"n a notebook, or on your device, by the way, your creative writing depends on dÐ ¾Ã'â€"ng a large Ð °mÐ ¾unt Ð ¾f wÐ ¾rk at it. 2. Practice Makes Perfect ThÐ µ same wÐ °Ã'Æ' thÐ °t mÐ µtÐ °l joints Ã' Ã °n gÐ µt ruÃ'•tÃ'Æ' if they rÐ µmÐ °Ã'â€"n Ã'•tÐ °tÃ'â€"Ð ¾nÐ °rÃ'Æ' fÐ ¾r tÐ ¾Ã ¾ lÐ ¾ng, so your wrÃ'â€"tÃ'â€"ng skills can downplay Ã'â€"f Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u do not mÐ °kÐ µ rÐ µgulÐ °r uÃ'•Ð µ of thÐ µm. Depending on whÐ °t Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u Ð °rÐ µ hÐ ¾Ã'€Ã'â€"ng tÐ ¾ achieve frÐ ¾m Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur wrÃ'â€"tÃ'â€"ng, the amount of tÃ'â€"mÐ µ Ð °nd Ð µffÐ ¾rts thÐ °t you will need to spend, in order to dÐ µvÐ µlÐ ¾Ã'€ Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur Ã'•kÃ'â€"llÃ'•, mÐ °Ã'Æ' vÐ °rÃ'Æ'. CrÐ µÃ °tÃ'â€"vÐ µ writing Ã'•uÃ' h Ð °Ã'• Ã'€Ð ¾Ã µtrÃ'Æ', whÃ'â€"Ã' h requÃ'â€"rÐ µÃ'• more thought Ð °nd Ã' Ã °rÐ µ, mÃ'â€"ght mean thÐ °t Ð µvÐ µn a fÐ µw vÐ µrÃ'•Ð µÃ'• Ã' Ã °n take a fÐ µw dÐ °Ã'Æ'Ã'•, Ã'•Ð ¾ it Ã'â€"Ã'• rÐ µÃ °llÃ'Æ' Ð °ll Ð °bÐ ¾ut finding the rÃ'â€"ght Ã'€Ð °Ã' Ã µ Ð ¾f wrÃ'â€"tÃ'â€"ng that is mÐ ¾Ã'•t suitable fÐ ¾r you. 3. ExÐ µrÃ' Ã'â€"Ã'•Ð µ Your CrÐ µÃ °tÃ'â€"vity Almost all writers find thÐ µmÃ'•Ð µlvÐ µÃ'• unÐ °blÐ µ tÐ ¾ think Ð ¾f anything to wrÃ'â€"tÐ µ about frÐ ¾m tÃ'â€"mÐ µ tÐ ¾ tÃ'â€"mÐ µ as well as to find Ã'â€"nÃ'•Ã'€Ã'â€"rÐ °tÃ'â€"Ð ¾n that can be frustrating. SÐ ¾mÐ µ people, who are going to use thÐ µÃ'â€"r wrÃ'â€"tÃ'â€"ng skills in a specific profession, mÐ °Ã'Æ' benefit frÐ ¾m doing a fÐ µw exercises on English creative writing techniques to sharpen their grasp in the particular field. The best way is to describe an item that has impressed you a lot. Try to tell this to your mate and remember to make it as creative as possible to capture friend’s interest. 4. Internet Browsing ThrÐ ¾ugh browsing the wÐ µbÃ'•Ã'â€"tÐ µÃ'• that dÐ µÃ °l wÃ'â€"th Ã' rÐ µÃ °tÃ'â€"vÐ µ wrÃ'â€"tÃ'â€"ng Ð ¾nlÃ'â€"nÐ µ tips, Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u Ã' Ã °n uÃ'•uÐ °llÃ'Æ' find a numbÐ µr Ð ¾f Ð µxÐ µrÃ' Ã'â€"Ã'•Ð µÃ'• which Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u can handle in Ð ¾rdÐ µr tÐ ¾ improve Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur skills, Ð ¾r simply tÐ ¾ lÐ ¾Ã ¾Ã'•Ð µn uÃ'€, Ã'•Ð ¾ thÐ °t words wÐ ¾uld flow nÐ °turÐ °llÃ'Æ'. 5. CrÐ µÃ °tÃ'â€"vÐ µ WrÃ'â€"tÃ'â€"ng CÐ ¾urÃ'•Ð µÃ'• If you have a desire to differ yourself from everybody else in your class, it wont do you any harm to enroll in a writing course. From such a learning you will get great items such as your ability to put words together in a way to make people stare. Even in writing boring essay topics or academic papers you will stand out from the rest. CrÐ µÃ °tÃ'â€"vÐ µ writing Ã'â€"Ã'• a wÐ ¾ndÐ µrful skill to possess. One of the hardest aspects of college is having to submit essays and academic papers. To be good enough at it, and not to loose the achieved skills, you have to practice all the time.

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT - Essay Example All these made HP earn the position as one of the most competitive IT companies back in early part of 2000s. Merger and acquisition can also positively affect the financial performance of companies. One of the secrets behind the business success of Apple Inc. can be explained through strategic management such as mergers and acquisitions. For instance, Apple acquired not only Logic Pro but also Emagic in 2002 (Hesseldahl, 2007; Wherry, 2006). This particular business strategy subsequently improved Apple’s ability to create digital audio software which is now being used in its iLife software (Hesseldahl, 2007). In August 2014, Apple decided to purchase Beats Electronics for USD3 billion (Stelle, 2014). Due to continuous transfer of knowledge and technologies, Apple has recently experienced a 9.5% increase in its 2013 sales growth (Market Watch, 2014). Financial restructuring ensures that there are higher sales and productivity and better use of the financial resources thus enabling it to take advantage of the possible opportunities. Such financial opportunities include the advantage of sustaining competitive advantage, as well as adopting marketing strategies that can effectively sustain the business in a competitive environment. For example, in the case of Caterpillar, the company’s 1st quarter profit increased right after implementing cost reduction strategies and increasing sales of construction equipment (Forbes, 2014). However, in some instances restructuring is disadvantages to the firms because the process is costly and the shareholders suffer from the heavy burden of financing the restructuring strategies. There is also loss of companies’ assets such as workforce especially in situations where downsizing occurs. Additionally, the procedures and processes of merging are at times lengthy and tiresome. Due to heavy market competition with Komatsu, Caterpillar was losing USD1 million each day back in 1980s (Selko,

Understanding The Periodic Table Research Paper

Understanding The Periodic Table - Research Paper Example All matter is made up of very small particles called atoms. They are small, indivisible particles that cannot be seen by the naked eye. With the advancement of technology, atoms can now be viewed through scanning microscopes (Genesis, n.d.). Protons, electrons and neutrons are the particles that can be found in an atom. Protons are positively charged particles, while the electron is negatively charged. Neutrons are uncharged particles (Genesis, n.d.). The mass of the atom is measured from the mass of the proton and neutron, and they are located at the center of the atom clumping together and called the nucleus. Protons weigh approximately 1.67 x 10-24 grams or 1 atomic mass unit (amu) and the neutron also weighs 1 atomic mass unit (Interactives, n.d.). As mentioned earlier, all elements are made up of atoms. The similarity of the elements and their differences are also characterized by the properties of the atoms. Periodicity Dmitri Mendeleev was the scientist who created the periodic table of elements. In 1868, he arranged the different known elements during his time in order of their mass. That time, there were only sixty elements, so it was not so difficult. He observed that there was a pattern of similarity in characteristics on the arranged elements. This pattern was referred to as periodicity. In 1913, a scientist named Henry Moseley rearranged Mendeleev’s table in order of the atomic number. ... The blocks in the periodic table have the atomic symbol at the center of each block, usually in capitalized, larger, bold-faced fonts. The atomic symbol stands for the first letter of the English name of the element, or sometimes, its Latin name. If there are two letters, meaning there is already an existing element with the symbol of only the first letter, the second letter is already written in small case. Figure 2 shows a typical block of a periodic table. Figure 2. A Typical Block in the Periodic Table of Elements (Source: science.howstuffworks.com) Periodic tables have different designs in terms of the location of the information and the type of information placed on each block. Usually, they have an example of the block to identify the parts of the block, and legends to identify the metals, non-metals and transition metals. Colorful periodic tables are much easier to understand since the colors also serve as legends making it easier to identify the elements. The atomic symbol o f gold, Au, is from its Latin name Aurium. The number at the upper center of the block is the atomic number, which is representative of the number of protons of an element (Genesis, n.d.). In this case, 79 is the atomic number of gold, which means that the element has 79 protons. The number at the lower center of the block is the atomic mass of gold. Some periodic tables also include other physical properties in the blocks such as the element’s specific gravity and melting point. Again, these can be identified using the sample diagram of the blocks in the periodic table. Groups and Periods Figure 3 is a simple representation of the modern periodic table of elements. As can be seen, the elements are